Varicosis is a pathological state, the result of chronic venous insufficiency, in which the venous walls become thinner, increases the lumen of the veins and the expansion (knot) aneurysm is formed.Visually, the veins are very swollen, blue, in color, curvy.It manifests itself through a feeling of severity in the legs and its tiredness, an edema of feet and legs, nightly cramps in the legs.
The causes of varicose veins
It is impossible to name a certain reason, but there are a number of factors that can increase the pressure and decrease in the elasticity of the veins and the weakening of the flaps.As a result, varicose veins arise.
In clinical phlebology, a number of provocative factors that lead to varicose veins are differentiated:
- Work on your legs or a long stay in a standing position.
- Use socks with strong elastic ligaments that press the legs.
- Weakness of the tissue as a result of congenital features.
- Direction.The legs have an increased load on the entire body.This factor is dangerous for people whose work includes a longer reputation.
- Genetic predisposition.If parents had varicose veins, a child with a probability of 70% also has the development of pathology.Right, risks can be reduced and the appearance can be avoided.You just don't have to create provocative factors.Varicose veins appear very early with a genetic predisposition.
- Life.If a person is not active enough, the risk of varicose veins increases.Phlebologists refer to a similar state as a "computer varicose".
- Hormonal malfunctions and carry the fetus.During pregnancy, varicose veins develop due to an increase in blood volume and the veins that increase the size of the uterus.In the case of hormonal errors, the production of progesterone and the reduction in estrogen synthesis increases, which increases blood clotting.
- Obstacles of the blood drainage.This condition occurs with the formation of blood clots, the development of tumors.
- Obesity.Excess weight improves the load on the feet, the malnutrition of blood circulation begins and additional pounds cause an increase in abdominal pressure that changes blood drainage.
- Diabetes.In the event of diseases, a high sugar rate begins to damage the vascular system, which leads to the formation of blood clots.
- Stress and nervous disorders influence blood vessels and lead to the development of varicose veins.
- Alcohol abuse.Alcohol is able to bend the body, and with excessive consumption, the blood, blocking the veins and the malnutrition of blood flow begins.
- Unstable nutrition.If the body does not receive vitamins C, E, P and useful trace elements: the blood circulation is disturbed, the condition of the blood vessels deteriorates, which leads to varicose veins.
- Frequent stool delay.In this case, the abdominal pressure increases and the blood drainage in the legs is disturbed.
- Pathologies of the kidneys and the heart.
- An overdose of medication to increase blood clotting.
Depending on the cause of the development of the disease, 3 main stages of varicose veins can be distinguished:
- Compensation.
- Sub -compensation.
- Decompensation.
Varicose veins do not apply to serious pathologies, but to the complications.
Pay attention!If the disease appears, it will not pass it on.The incredible objection to a specialist leads to serious violations that pose a danger.
The main symptoms of varicose veins
The clinical image of varicose veins is not difficult.This enables a phlebologist to quickly diagnose a preliminary diagnosis and to steer the patient for instrumental diagnosis.
Under the main signs of a seizure, they differentiate:
- The development of the swelling of the legs at the end of the day in the evening.The very first symptom is one of the possible, especially when wearing close shoes.After the normal break in the morning, a swelling disappears.
- Heavy in the legs.One person feels not only severe, but in calves, especially after a working day.A symptom occurs more often in people with sitting work.If you spend walks in the evening and take a good break, the signs disappear in the morning, but in the evening they appear again.
- Strong heat in the legs, namely in calves.
- Cramps at night reduce the caviar.
- The appearance of a vascular network on the legs (blue-red "stars").
- An increase in veins on the legs (as if they are rushing over the skin).This feature develops one of the latter and speaks of a pronounced seizure.
The symptoms described are subject to mandatory treatment than before, the less serious complications it will be.
Complications of varicose veins
With the appearance of varicose veins, the pathology itself will not pass, and without treatment it begins to complications.What are dangerous varicose veins and what consequences can be against the background of the disease?
The complicated form of the course of varicose veins explains:
- Thrombophlebitis in acute form.
- Trophic ulcers.
- Phlebet trombosis.
- Bleeding.
A progressive disease causes the development of varicothrombophlebitis and then the phlebet trombosis.Such conditions influence the deep veins, the blood flow in the legs is not only disturbed, but can also stop, because of which gang forms.
Diagnosis of varicose veins
At the beginning of the development of varicose veins, the symptoms are usually not expressed, often pain in the legs and other sensations are written off in the event of fatigue.
The patient is not solved to visit the doctor's visit (if the veins swell and this becomes a noticeable exposure).
The diagnosis of varicose veins is located in a specialist photobologist.The diagnosis is determined on the basis of a conversation with the patient, confrontation and diagnostic data, in particular ::
- Color duplex examination.Enables speed and blood direction to measure.With the data you can create a card of the blood flow.
- Phlebography.Show the external properties of the veins, the work of the valves.The method is used in extreme cases.
- Diagnostic sample - enable the veins and the condition of the valves.The most common collapse is Troyanov.
- Dopplerography - Blood flow is carried out in a certain container.
The methods described are used to diagnose surface and deep veins.
The consequences of varicose veins on the legs
The danger is not in the varicose veins themselves, but the subsequent complications and consequences that become a real threat to human life.Look at more detailed.
Lack of venous
This condition includes several development steps.At the beginning of venous insufficiency, the changes are insignificant and horizontal venous reflux.
4 levels can be distinguished:
- Zero.There are no characteristic symptoms, only a temporary swelling of the legs occurs, the veins are slightly noticeable.
- First.It is accompanied by a strong varicose expansion in the legs, but there are no trophic mistakes.
- The second.The obvious appearance of veins on the legs with a large number of knots, the legs are influenced by eczema, ulcers.
- The third.A persistent trophic violation that cannot be stopped with medication.
In chronic venous insufficiency, patients appear in the following symptoms:
- Itching.
- Pain.
- Cramps.
- Swelling.
- Stagnation of blood and the occurrence of formations (seizure nodes).
- Ulcers.
Thrombophlebitis
This complication is characterized by the occurrence of blood clots that clog the vessels.Blood becomes viscoous, which leads to a complication of the drain.The top of the lower leg and the bottom of the thigh are affected.The phlebologist can easily determine the complication expressed changes:
- Reddening.
- Pain.
- Weakness.
- Tissue seal.
Many veins are affected by the development of thrombophlebitis, including lung artery.The treatment of thrombophlebitis should be carried out immediately in the first symptoms, surgery is used as therapy.
Outpatient therapy is carried out in the initial phases if varicose veins have not reached the lower leg.
For treatment, use:
- Not -steroid medication to remove inflammation.
- Anticoagulants.
- Angoprotectors.
- Diggarts.
Trophilic ulcer
A trophic ulcer always occurs in advanced cases when the blood drainage is very disturbed.Characteristic signs of complications:
- Slow education.
- The darkening of the skin on the legs, heavy pigmentation.
Any leg injury can cause damage and slow bruch.If you provide quick support, it will have no consequences and the injury will heal quickly, otherwise the tissue inflammation begins, the development of a bacterial infection of different heaviness is possible.
Operation is carried out for the treatment of complicated trophic ulcers.During the treatment, experts prescribe bed rest for 2 or more weeks.Wide antibiotics, regenerating medicines and local antiseptics are prescribed as conservative treatment.
Lung artery Thromboembolism
Thromboembolism is the most dangerous and fatal episode.This condition includes the occlusion of the lung artery or its thrombotic branches through the triggered masses.
The main risks of development:
- Oncology.
- Carry out surgical intervention.
- Heart failure.
- Thrombophilia.
- Long lies.
Women are often subject to complications, and development is also possible in children.You can determine the thromboembolium of the lung artery based on the following symptoms:
- Breast pain.
- Temperature growth.
- Tachycardia.
- Expectation with blood.
- Cough.
- Petrol.
- Dyspnea.
It is impossible to diagnose the disease itself, whereby the suspicion of thromboembolism is being carried out in urgent hospitalization.
Treatment of varicose veins and prevention
So far, several main types of varicose expansion treatment have been used:
- Conservative treatment.The technology depends on the stage of the disease.Use drug therapy, sclerotherapy of affected veins, compression treatment.
- Surgical treatment.This method contains different types of operations: radio frequencies of veins, endovenous thermal occlusion, Varadi operation and laser coagulation of veins.
The essentials of prevention is to maintain vessels in a healthy state and prevent venous failures.
For healthy people who are possible due to genetics or constant work, preventive measures are also shown to develop varicose veins, as well as for those who are already sick with disease veins.
For the purpose of prevention, you must:
- In order to control the body weight, there is a strong load with obesity to the legs, blood circulation and blood vessels cannot work normally.If you apply diets to reduce the mass, the menu should be checked so that it is correct and full.
- It is right to eat so that products in the nutrition provide products that strengthen the vascular system and normalize the blood circulation.It is necessary to include more vegetable food and bread from coarse flour.
- Perform moderate physical activity that prevents varicose veins and supports the veins of the legs in good condition.Swimming, walking, dancing is ideal.
- Wear free clothing, shoes.
- Use products in the form of ointments and creams that fill tissue with useful substances, improve blood circulation and strengthen blood vessels.
Even if the veins of varicose veins develop, prevention can slow down the development of pathology and reduce the risk of complications.